Auditory Processing Disorder
Usha Patel Learning Difficulties Practitioner talks about Auditory Processing Disorder (APD)
Auditory Processing Disorder (APD) is a condition where those with normal hearing constantly mishear what is said. Whilst APD is of neurological nature and that it may be inherited or caused as a result of developmental problems, research has also shown that early childhood ear infections can be a significant contributory factor in causing it.
Children develop critical language skills between the ages of 6 months to 3 years. Language centres within the brain learn to map out sounds and store it for language processing. When a child starts reacting to words with a smile or start speaking its first words, it is effectively associating these sounds with meanings.
If, a child suffers from frequent middle ear infection during the critical period, then the ability to process language/speech can be affected. Sounds which normally become imprinted in the brains memory and language centres are not properly established. The mishearing happens because the brain recognises aural information differently to what they actually are. A good example is commonly found when children can't differentiate between thirteen and thirty. Whilst hearing can be perfectly normal their brain just can not process those sounds accurately due to their similarity.
This inability of the brain to process what is heard accurately results in the Auditory Processing Disorder condition.
APD is a often difficult to diagnose in children as they may have other learning difficulties such as dyslexia, attention deficit disorder, dyspraxia, which may mask the condition. It also cannot be established with standard hearing tests - It can only be diagnosed using specialist audiology testing.
Children with APD have also been observed to:
Have trouble paying attention to and remembering information presented orally
Have problems carrying out multi-step directions
Have poor listening skills
Need more time to process information
Have low academic performance
Have behaviour problems
Have language difficulty (e.g., they confuse syllable sequences and have problems developing vocabulary and understanding language)
Have difficulty with reading, comprehension, spelling, and vocabulary
Without proper intervention, those with APD can find it confusing to interpret verbal information. This problem is further exacerbated when in a noisy environment or when there are competing sounds around them. In a class room situation, if the child is not at the front of the class room or paying full attention, distracting sounds can make learning incredibly challenging.
Some of the ways in which help for APD can be offered, as suggested by National Institutes of Health, are :-
Environmental modifications such as classroom acoustics, seating and placement.
Auditory memory enhancement, a procedure that reduces detailed information to a more basic representation, may help. Also, informal auditory training techniques can be used by teachers and therapists to address specific difficulties.
Exercises to improve language-building skills can increase the ability to learn new words and increase a child's language base.
Raviv Practice London offers two different ways to help children with Auditory Processing Disorder. The first approach uses a one-to-one motor-sensory therapy called the Raviv Method. This therapy works on auditory memory enhancement and lays the foundation for learning skills. It takes around 20 weeks to complete the therapy.
The other approach uses language based software called Fast ForWord. Fast ForWord software is based on 25 years of neurophysiological and behavioural research. The software works by identifying specific auditory processing problems and tailoring the exercises to address them. Fast ForWord has a range of modules for different age groups and each modules takes around 8- 12 weeks to complete.
Parents can start to notice improvements in as little as 10 weeks. For more information on Auditory Processing Disorder contact Usha Patel 07766 837 616 or visit www.ravivpracticelondon.co.uk
